Many posts and blogs are discussing the health effects of misleading food labels. I believe that there is another more basic level to the issue.
People have the right to make informed choices. They can eat what ever they like and eat as much as they want.
The issue is the misleading information that is put on the food label. The FDA regulates when labels can state "fat free" or "sugar free". They also require that when a health statement is made such as "sugar free", the manufacturer must add disclaimers if the fat content is high, as to not mislead people.
When one buys a food product, and actually reads the label it needs to be accurate and informative. Then, and intelligent person can make his or hers own decision.
Let us not forget that the front food label panel is advertising, and as such, when it is used to advertise and market a product it should fall under the deceptive trade practice act. It is in effect false advertising.
Several months ago I was helping a customer create his food labels ( we deal with the labels and printing side of it) The customer was very confused about the regulation. As a result we created a "human readable" (no need to be a lawyer) food labeling guide that is based on the FDA regulations. The section dealing with statements and claims is particularly relevant to this discussion.
- The Label Lady
- Houston, Texas, United States
- Bring it on! Answers to your biggest labeling and barcode questions - right here!
Wednesday, October 21, 2009
NY Times article F.D.A. to Clarify Standards for the Front of Food Labels
The NY Times today published an article regarding the supposed confusion experienced by food manufacturers regarding claims they can and cannot put on the food labels.
Sugar Free: (food that contains less than 0.5 g of sugars.) and if the food is NOT also low or reduced in calorie that fact must be disclose. You can read more about specific words that can and cannot be used here.
A similar regulation has to do with the term: "light". It can only be used if the consumer would generally recognize it as a food that is improved in its nutrient value compared to other average products of its type.
The same is true for the following terms on a food label:
"reduced", "less", "fewer", and "light" : the label must state each of the following (these are called "accompanying information"):
1. The percentage or fraction by which the food has been modified,
2. The reference food, and
3. The amount of nutrient (that is the subject of the claim) that is in the labeled food and in the reference food.
And finally just in case anyone still had any doubts the disclosure statement is supposed to clear any misunderstanding:
I have to wonder what manufacturers are thinking when they engage in such practices. Didn't they ever hear the famous quote: "you can deceive some of the people some of the time, but you cannot deceive all of the people all of the time..."
The NY Times reports that:
The manufacturers (and their marketing people) should know that people are paying attention, and just because they figured out a loop hole in the current regulation, does not mean we are "buying" it.
Check out the tweets on this site regarding this issue.
"The Food and Drug Administration said Tuesday that it would seek to clear up the confusion caused by a surge of upbeat nutritional claims — for everything from Froot Loops to mayonnaise — that manufacturers have begun to make on packaged food labels.The FDA is very clear about what is acceptable and what is not with very clear intent not to deceive the public. The regulation states that if a label claims that a product is
Sugar Free: (food that contains less than 0.5 g of sugars.) and if the food is NOT also low or reduced in calorie that fact must be disclose. You can read more about specific words that can and cannot be used here.
A similar regulation has to do with the term: "light". It can only be used if the consumer would generally recognize it as a food that is improved in its nutrient value compared to other average products of its type.
The same is true for the following terms on a food label:
"reduced", "less", "fewer", and "light" : the label must state each of the following (these are called "accompanying information"):
1. The percentage or fraction by which the food has been modified,
2. The reference food, and
3. The amount of nutrient (that is the subject of the claim) that is in the labeled food and in the reference food.
And finally just in case anyone still had any doubts the disclosure statement is supposed to clear any misunderstanding:
"... is a statement that calls the consumer's attention to one or more nutrients in the food that may increase the risk of a disease or health-related condition that is diet related. The disclosure statement is required when a nutrient in a food exceeds certain prescribed levels."
I have to wonder what manufacturers are thinking when they engage in such practices. Didn't they ever hear the famous quote: "you can deceive some of the people some of the time, but you cannot deceive all of the people all of the time..."
The NY Times reports that:
"By early next year, officials said, the agency will issue proposed standards that companies must follow in creating nutrition labels that go on the front of food packaging.
That could force manufacturers to deliver the bad news with the good, putting an end to a common practice in which manufacturers boast on package fronts about some components, such as vitamins or fiber, while ignoring less appealing ingredients, like added sugar or unhealthy fats."
The manufacturers (and their marketing people) should know that people are paying attention, and just because they figured out a loop hole in the current regulation, does not mean we are "buying" it.
Check out the tweets on this site regarding this issue.
What is the check digit in bar codes?
The check digit is a simple yet powerful way to let your system know if the barcode was scanned correctly.
A barcode by definition is simply coded information. The coded information is machine readable – meaning it can be read by a scanner (the machine.) the scanner needs to verify that what it reads is actually what the barcode contains. The Check digit is the way it checks itself.
For example: let us assume that we have a barcode that contains the numbers 1 2 3 4 5.
The check digit will then be: 6
Why 6?
Because the check digit in this case adds all the numbers in the barcode together:
1+2+3+4+5=15 15=1+5=6.
The check digit is normally the right most number in a barcode.
Different barcodes use different ways of calculating the check digit. Most good label design software will perform this calculation automatically.
The GS1 site has a wonderful calculator and they explain in great detail how to calculate check digits for various barcodes using graphics and step by step instructions.
Here is an example of how you calculate a check digit for the GTIN-12 (U.P.C) [taken from the GS1 site]:
GTIN-12 (U.P.C.)
The Check Digit for a GTIN-12 (U.P.C.) ID Number is figured using the standard modulo calculation. Here is how it works:
A barcode by definition is simply coded information. The coded information is machine readable – meaning it can be read by a scanner (the machine.) the scanner needs to verify that what it reads is actually what the barcode contains. The Check digit is the way it checks itself.
For example: let us assume that we have a barcode that contains the numbers 1 2 3 4 5.
The check digit will then be: 6
Why 6?
Because the check digit in this case adds all the numbers in the barcode together:
1+2+3+4+5=15 15=1+5=6.
The check digit is normally the right most number in a barcode.
Different barcodes use different ways of calculating the check digit. Most good label design software will perform this calculation automatically.
The GS1 site has a wonderful calculator and they explain in great detail how to calculate check digits for various barcodes using graphics and step by step instructions.
Here is an example of how you calculate a check digit for the GTIN-12 (U.P.C) [taken from the GS1 site]:
GTIN-12 (U.P.C.)
The Check Digit for a GTIN-12 (U.P.C.) ID Number is figured using the standard modulo calculation. Here is how it works:
| Step One: | Suppose you want to find the Check Digit for the GTIN-12 (U.P.C.) Number 61414121022. Set up a table with 12 columns, and put the number 61414121022 into Positions One through Eleven. Position Twelve will be blank because it is reserved for the Check Digit. |
| Step Two: | Add the numbers in Positions One, Three, Five, Seven, Nine, and Eleven: (6 + 4 + 4 + 2 + 0 + 2 = 18). |
| Step Three: | Multiply the result of Step Two by three: (18 x 3 = 54). |
| Step Four: | Add the numbers in Positions Two, Four, Six, Eight, and Ten: (1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 2 = 6). |
| Step Five: | Add the results of Step Three and Step Four: (54 + 6 = 60). |
| Step Six: | The Check Digit is the smallest number needed to round the result of Step Five up to a multiple of 10. In this example, the Check Digit is 0. |
Monday, October 19, 2009
What is the meaning of numbers in a barcode (UPC in particular)?
There are several answers to this question which explains why there is so much confusion regarding this issue. Each answer represents a solution using barcodes in different ways.
Answer 1: The numbers in most barcodes represent a numerical field in some company’s database.
Example: Company A has a warehouse full of items. Each item has an ID. The ID is represented in numbers. The ID can be a SKU number. Every time the company send or receives items, they want to show it in their inventory software. Instead of having to type the numbers in (which can cause many mistakes and is very time consuming) they print labels with barcodes on them. The barcode is a machine (i.e. computer) readable code. They use a scanner to read the barcode. The scanner communicates with the software application. It tells the software that an item with a particular SKU number has entered the warehouse.
Answer 2: This answer has everything to do with UPc codes. There are several types of UPC bar codes used for different purposes. The numbers in a UPC barcode represent several pieces of information about the product.
The Three versions of the UPC barcode are: A, D, and E.
1. Version A (the regular version) - is used to encode a twelve digit number.
2. Version E (the zero suppressed version) - is a six digit code used for marking small packages.
3. Version D (the variable length version) is not commonly used for package marking. It is used in limited special applications.
4. Both Version A and E may include either a 2 digit or a 5 digit supplemental encodation. These extra digits are primarily used on periodicals and books. Supplemental encodations are supported.
The first 6 digits of the UPC barcode:
The UCC assigns manufacturers an Identification number. This is a 6 digit code. So the first 6 digits of the UPC barcode is the manufacturer ID.
The first digit of the Manufacturer ID in the UPC code represents the market segment or type of products they manufacture:
1. Consumer products - start with 0, 1, 6, 7, 8, or 9.
2. Items sold by weight - starts with 2. This is also used for items used in warehouses and stores that are not sold to the public.
3. Pharmaceuticals start with 3.
4. Warehouse and store only purposes - starts with the number 4.
5. Manufacturer coupons, and store loyalty cards UPC numbers start with a 5.
Digits 7-12 of the UPC bar code:
Represent the item number. The item number is assigned by the manufacturer. It is their code for their item.
For items sold by weight - the first five middle digits are used to identify the item. The next five digits are used to identify weight or price, with the first digit of that set signifying whether it's for weight or price.
To help illustrate the difference between UPC and other bar codes look at this example:
I hope this helps clarify some of the confusion. As you can imagine there is more to UPC codes than meets the eye. As always if you have questions about a subject or just want me to explain some things about barcodes, labels and printing - drop me a line labelady@tpgtex.com.
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Answer 1: The numbers in most barcodes represent a numerical field in some company’s database.
Example: Company A has a warehouse full of items. Each item has an ID. The ID is represented in numbers. The ID can be a SKU number. Every time the company send or receives items, they want to show it in their inventory software. Instead of having to type the numbers in (which can cause many mistakes and is very time consuming) they print labels with barcodes on them. The barcode is a machine (i.e. computer) readable code. They use a scanner to read the barcode. The scanner communicates with the software application. It tells the software that an item with a particular SKU number has entered the warehouse.
Answer 2: This answer has everything to do with UPc codes. There are several types of UPC bar codes used for different purposes. The numbers in a UPC barcode represent several pieces of information about the product.
The Three versions of the UPC barcode are: A, D, and E.
1. Version A (the regular version) - is used to encode a twelve digit number.
2. Version E (the zero suppressed version) - is a six digit code used for marking small packages.
3. Version D (the variable length version) is not commonly used for package marking. It is used in limited special applications.
4. Both Version A and E may include either a 2 digit or a 5 digit supplemental encodation. These extra digits are primarily used on periodicals and books. Supplemental encodations are supported.
The first 6 digits of the UPC barcode:
The UCC assigns manufacturers an Identification number. This is a 6 digit code. So the first 6 digits of the UPC barcode is the manufacturer ID.
The first digit of the Manufacturer ID in the UPC code represents the market segment or type of products they manufacture:
1. Consumer products - start with 0, 1, 6, 7, 8, or 9.
2. Items sold by weight - starts with 2. This is also used for items used in warehouses and stores that are not sold to the public.
3. Pharmaceuticals start with 3.
4. Warehouse and store only purposes - starts with the number 4.
5. Manufacturer coupons, and store loyalty cards UPC numbers start with a 5.
Digits 7-12 of the UPC bar code:
Represent the item number. The item number is assigned by the manufacturer. It is their code for their item.
For items sold by weight - the first five middle digits are used to identify the item. The next five digits are used to identify weight or price, with the first digit of that set signifying whether it's for weight or price.
To help illustrate the difference between UPC and other bar codes look at this example:
I hope this helps clarify some of the confusion. As you can imagine there is more to UPC codes than meets the eye. As always if you have questions about a subject or just want me to explain some things about barcodes, labels and printing - drop me a line labelady@tpgtex.com.
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Friday, October 16, 2009
Can I put upc and ean barcodes on one label?
We get this question many times. The simple answer is: Yes.
The image on the left is an example of a shipping label that has several barcodes on it. Each barcode is drown from a different field in a database.
This particular label has SSCC, Postal Code, and code 128.
A good label software program should allow you to do this and even add images.
You can read more about finding a good label software for your needs Here.
A label can have many "elements/objects" on it or just one. The printing of labels with multiple elements need to be considered as well. If you want to print graphics in full color you may want to use your inkjet printer. However, barcodes do not print well using this method.
On the other hand, a color laser printer will be able to produce both full color images as well as clear barcodes.The label on the right is an example of a label that was printed with black and white graphics and text using a thermal transfer printer with was/resin ribbon.
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